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The colors you see when a rainbow appears in the sky are the result of light being split into its various individual wavelengths as it passes though droplets of water in the sky.
Colors of the rainbow.
When light meets a water droplet, it is refracted at the boundary of air and water, and enters the droplet, where the light is dispersed into the seven colors. The rainbow effect occurs because the light is then reflected inside the droplet and finally refracted out again into the air, this gives us a spectrum of colours that range from the shorter blue and violet wavelengths through to the longer red wavelengths, a spectrum is band of colours produced by separation of the components of light by their different degrees of refraction according to wavelength. This sequence of colours gives us the characteristic pattern we are all familiar with, that we learn from childhood. There are actually many more colors than seven with multiple colours blending and shading into one another. It was Isaac Newton who proved that white light is made up of a spectrum of colours by splitting light with a prism, his discovery, together with the work of others before him, finally explained how rainbows form. The colors can be remembered with the initial letters of the words in the following phrase; Richard of York gave battle in vain. Double rainbows are formed when sunlight is reflected twice within a raindrop with the violet light that reaches the observer s eye coming from the higher raindrops and the red light from lower raindrops. It is possible to see a double rainbow where the sequence of colours is inverted compared to the primary rainbow, with the secondary bow appearing about 10 degrees above the primary bow. You see the main rainbow when the sun is located right behind you, the main rainbow becomes visible at an angle of around 40 degrees from the horizon, and you can see an the auxiliary rainbow at about 53 degrees. The orders of the colors reflected from the water droplets in the main rainbow and in the auxiliary rainbow are reversed.
The Seven Colors of The Rainbow
01. Red.
The wavelength of red light is between 620-750 nanometer (nm). A nanometer (nm) is a unit of length equivalent to one billionth (10 to power of 9) of a meter. For comparison, a single standard sheet of paper is approximately 100,000 nanometers thick.
02. Orange.
The wavelength of orange light is between 590-620 nanometer (nm).
03. Yellow.
The wavelength of yellow light is between 570-590 nanometer (nm).
04. Green.
The wavelength of green light is between 495-570 nanometer (nm).
05. Blue.
The wavelength of blue light is between 450-495 nanometer (nm).
06. Indigo.
The range of wavelength for indigo is around 425–450 nanometer (nm). It is hard for the human eye to distinguish and is usually considered a subset of violet.
07. Violet.
The wavelength of violet light is between 380-450 nanometer (nm).
Synonyms/tags: colours of the rainbow, colors from a prism
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This webpage with information about The Seven Colors of The Rainbow has the following attributes; The list was authored by Paul.
